An Overview of U.S. Export Controls

source：http://www.exportcontrol.org/links/1373c.aspx

What happens to brokers who violate the law?

Penalties for violating the law are stiff and can be civil and/or criminal. Individuals and companies can be fined as much as $1,000,000 and sentenced to up to 10 years per criminal violation. The law also carries civil penalties of up to $500,000 per violation, rather than per violator. In addition, violators may be subject to a range of lesser penalties from an administrative notice of reprimand to being debarred or having their export/brokering licenses suspended or revoked.

An export license is required if you know or suspect the end use relates to weapons of mass destruction. WMD includes Nuclear Weapons and Fuel Cycle Programs; Chemical or Biological weapons and Missiles, Rockets and Other launch vehicles.